Although metals are formed in galaxies, they are known to exist in substantial quantities in the intergalactic medium. Using a combination of general theoretical arguments, numerical cosmological simulations, and several type of observations, I will address the following questions: How much metal is there in the universe? How much of it lies outside of galaxies? How much of this intergalactic metal could be dust, and what effects could it have? How could metal get out of galaxies, and what is the mechanism by which the observed enrichment occurred? How are intergalactic dust and metals distributed? What can studies of metal enrichment teach us about cosmology?